An analysis on understanding of successful knowledge management Research Proposal

An analysis on understanding of successful knowledge management techniques implemented within microfinancial institutes in India - Research Proposal Example In an organisational context, knowledge management refers to the activities concerned with capturing, processing and diffusion of knowledge for the purpose of decision making and forward planning by management. The present study examines how effective is the knowledge management in an organisation to foster innovation and enhance labour productivity within the organization. Organisations have no chance of success and growth without knowledge management in the modern information-driven economy. Today organisations are trying to become more and more innovative and competitive than their rivals in regard to their knowledge gathering and dissemination. Irrespective of the type, size and nature, organisations have acknowledged the fact that knowledge management enhances the possibilities of employee learning and productivity. It has been observed by experts that learning environment is vital in modern organisations to survive and success and knowledge management gives a platform for learning opportunities and innovative thinking. It has been proved by experts (Gibbons, 1994; Nonaka et al., 1995 and 2000; and Howells, 1996) that the very basis of innovation is knowledge sharing activities. An interactive and cooperative organisational environment is very conducive for knowledge transfer and sharing that foster employee learning and productivity (Gold et al., 2001). With this background, the present study attempts to evaluate how effective is the knowledge management system in micro-financial institutions to help in employee learning and increased productivity. Despite there are endless efforts to implement knowledge management across organisations of small as well as large among both public and private organisations, little effort has been made so far to introduce the same in the micro financial institutions in India.

The higher the resistance Essay Example for Free

The higher the resistance Essay Aim To see if the length of wire will affect the resistance Factors I will be changing the length of the wire Prediction I predict that the longer the wire the higher the resistance Fair test To make my experiment a fair test I will: iKeep the voltage and amps the same   Keep the equipment in the same position i Keep the thickness of the wire the same i Use the same wire Apparatus The apparatus I will be using are: i Lab pack Ammeter i Voltmeter i Crocodile clips i 1 Metre nichrome wire . Metre ruler i Switch Youre Experiment 1. Place all apparatus onto a table 2. Place apparatus as: Battery then switch then ammeter then wire then place voltmeter parallel to the wire 3. Put one crocodile clip at one end of the nichrome wire and the second 10cm away 4. Read and record the results from voltmeter and ammeter onto a table 5. Keep everything the same (voltmeter and wire) 6. Move the second crocodile clip another 10cm away from the first one 7. Record the result of the voltmeter and the ammeter on the table. 8. Repeat this four more times at 30cm, 40cm, 50cm and 60cm and record the results Diagram Safety Connect all the apparatus correctly make sure that everything works and nothing is faulty. Results First Results Length(cm) Current (A) Voltage (V) Resistance (ohms) 10 3. 29 verage Resistance Length of wire (cm) Average Resistance (ohms) 1Conclusion I found out that the longer the nichrome wire the longer the resistance. Evaluation Erin Brennan 10CAH 09/05/2007 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

Demand: One of the Pillars of Economics Essay -- Understanding Demand

Demand and Quantity Demanded There is a clear distinction between demand and quantity demanded; furthermore, they have their own significance in the economics arena. In economics, the term demand refers to the will associated with purchasing a product, which one can afford, meaning that the price must be contained within the fiscal reach of the consumer. Demand is also a combination of aspiration to possess something, capability to pay for it and the willingness to reimburse. An example is the ability of citizens to pay for education, as well as to buy basic-food staff. Quantity demanded (QD), on the other hand, refers to the entire number of commodities demanded at any one moment, for instance, people buying 3000 laptops when the price is $ 500 (Baumol and Blinder, 2008). QD depends on the worth of products, not considering market stability. Substitutes and Complement Products Substitutes are products that can replace each other and still gratify the desires that the intended product aimed at addressing (McKenzie and Dwight, 2006). A notable example is butter and margarine, which meet the same purpose of the consumers. It is notable that changes in price of one product will have a significant demand on the other. Complement products refer to a set of goods that are consumed jointly. A sole example is the printer and ink cartridges, which must be used together. Other examples include camera and film, together with computer and Microsoft programs. Amplification in price for one product will cause a decrease in demand of its complement. The Difference between Demand and Quantity Demanded Understanding the difference between the two aspects is critical in avoiding errors in economics. Demand is used to verify the marketplac... ...ed of another related product. Elasticity of demand is another fundamental aspect in demand since a proportionate change in one factor affects the demand of a product. There is price and income as well as cross elasticity of demand, in economics. Several factors do affect the demand of a product, and these include weather, price expectations, and the consumer count in the marketplace. Works Cited Baumol, William and Blinder A. (2008) Macroeconomics: Principles and Policy. 11th edition. Florence, Cengage Learning. McKenzie, Richard and Dwight R. (2006) In defense of monopoly: how market power fosters creative production. Michigan, University of Michigan Press Myers, D. (2004) Construction economics: a new approach. Oxford, Taylor and Francis Gwartney, James et al. (2008) Economics: Private and Public Choice. Florence, Cengage Learning.

Coleco Case

STRATEGIC FINANCE COLECO CASE TOY STORY Coleco INC. Profile †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Name – Coleco Industries Time – the end of 1980s Industry – toys Market – USA Market share – the fifth-largest manufacturer in the USA Head quarter – West HartFord, Connecticut Production line – Cabbage Patch Kids Plush Alf dolls and puppets Couch Potato Pals Play sets (The Flintstones,Sesame Street, Sylvanian Families) †¢ †¢ Company`s issue – annual sales were behind expectations egative equity position of $84 million The challenge – to determine whether the company’s capital could be restructured in a way that would satisfy its creditors without diluting the stock any further than was necessary Product line Economy and Industry Analysis 1988 †¢ the economy – raising †¢ unemployment and interest rates – low †¢ demographic factors favorable †¢ interest rate is decreasing †¢ debt is becoming cheaper Economy Industry †¢ favorable conditions toy industry †¢ approximately 800 toy companies in the United States †¢ diversification for reducing sales and profit volatility – only for the biggest companiesSales of Coleco and its Major Competitors †¢ In millions USD 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 Coleco Hasbro Kenner Parker Mattel Tonka 200 0 Company Analysis Sales growth 40,00% 30,00% 20,00% 10,00% 0,00% -10,00% -20,00% -30,00% -40,00% 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Company Analysis Current ratio 3,00 2,50 2,00 1,50 Very fluctuating 1,00 0,50 0,00 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Company Analysis Debt ratio 1,4 1,2 High dependence on debt 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Company Analysis Net profit margin 0,15 0,1 0,05 0 -0,05 -0,1 -0,15 -0,2 -0,25 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Negative profits in last yearsCompany Analysis Return on equity 20 15 10 5 Non meaningful figures (Equity is negative) 0 1981 -5 -10 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Company Analysis Return on assets 0,25 0,2 0,15 0,1 0,05 0 -0,05 -0,1 -0,15 -0,2 -0,25 High Volatility of ROA 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 SWOT Analysis strengths 1)Experience in past of recovery from company`s crisis 2) Current ratio is satisfactory weaknesses 1) Sales reduction has resulted in losses that contributed to its negative equity position. 2)Negative or near zero sales growth in recent years. 3)Escalating dependency on debt. 4)Coleco’s capital position was uncertain. )Huge reduction in stock price. 1)The economy was entering its sixth year of overall strength. 2)Unemployment and interest rates at their lowest in years. 3)Demographic factors also were favorable; birth rates were increasing. 4)The toy industry had begun to consolidate. 5) Basic and technology-enhanced toys did well. 1)Of the approximately 800 toy companies in the United States, only the largest were able to minimize sales and profit volatility throu gh diversification. 2)Each companies fortune rose and fell with the strength of its new products 3)Lack of exciting new toy introductions opportunities threats ALTERNATIVES . â€Å"drifting† approach – hoping that products will do well 2. â€Å"merge† approach – hoping that there might be some value in the company’s assets 3. â€Å"equity† approach – to issue more shares at market price 4. â€Å"debts† approach – to restructure debts 5. â€Å"disengagement† approach – to go for liquidation â€Å"Drifting† Approach †¢ †¢ †¢ Net income for Coleco is negative ($105. 4mln in 1987) Net worth is also negative ($84. 9mln in 1987). Huge amount of debt ($620mln in 1987) †¢ †¢ †¢ Equity deficit ($84,3mln in 1987) No any new â€Å"blockbuster† products Low prospects for increasing the company’s sales based on its current product line Low possibility to recover inappro priate decision â€Å"Merge† Approach Coleco is not attractive in the sense of M&A deals: – big debts (total assets < total liabilities) inappropriate decision â€Å"Equity† Approach †¢ The company could issue more shares but the stock price is apparently small (Ex. 1) †¢ Coleco’s equity is negative through last two years 1986 – ($7. 6) mln 1987 – ($ 84. 3) mln inappropriate decision â€Å"Equity† Approach Ex. 1 Stock price High 1984 1985 1986 1987 Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 1988 Jan Feb 14-Mar $22. 250 21. 500 20. 500 11. 625 10. 750 11. 25 11. 000 10. 375 10. 250 9. 125 6. 000 4. 625 4. 250 3. 500 Low $9. 625 10. 125 8. 125 10. 000 9. 875 10. 250 9. 750 9. 125 8. 500 4. 250 4. 375 3. 625 3. 125 2. 625 Close 12. 125 16. 000 8. 375 10. 375 10. 500 10. 625 9. 750 9. 375 9. 125 5. 500 4. 625 3. 875 3. 500 3. 000 2. 500 167. 24 211. 28 242. 17 288. 36 290. 10 304. 00 318. 66 329. 80 321. 83 251. 79 230. 3 247. 08 25 7. 07 267. 82 266. 37 S&P 500 Closing Bond Prices 11. 13% $81. 875 82. 000 77. 750 76. 000 94. 000 75. 625 76. 125 72. 000 55. 250 50. 000 41. 500 41. 750 27. 000 14. 38% $90. 125 101. 875 100. 75 99. 500 96. 500 95. 000 95. 000 98. 625 96. 000 94. 375 68. 875 63. 500 50. 000 54. 125 34. 250 S&P longterm gov bond 40. 29 48. 93 58. 04 60. 69 51. 55 52. 42 51. 89 50. 40 47. 39 47. 17 50. 31 49. 89 51. 28 53. 67 52. 50 â€Å"Debts† Approach †¢ Coleco is dependent on debt through years (also successful ones) †¢ The company has a huge amount of total liabilities (in 1987 about $ 620 mln) †¢ No resources to pay debts (Negative equity, Assets are generally composed of Accounts receivables) †¢ Company by the moment already does not comply with the creditors requirements nappropriate decision â€Å"Disengagement† Approach The first reason for liquidation 700 600 500 400 300 Stock based insolvency 200 100 0 -100 -200 Debt Assets Equity â€Å"Disengagementâ⠂¬  Approach The second reason for liquidation Zone of insolvency cash flow contractual obligations 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Conclusion We consider â€Å"disengagement† approach the best solution for Coleco INC, as the firm is a prime candidate for bankruptcy. 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Black Like Me by John Howard Griffin

In â€Å"Black Like Me† by John Howard Griffin identifies how conflict management greatly changes after he undergoes a drastic lifestyle change to discover the truth of how people are categorized by their skin color and not their own character. Griffin undergoes an experiment in order to allow him to study and elaborate on racial boundaries that still exist during the 1950†³s. Griffin, almost immediately realizes segregation and low self-esteem caused by the feeling of being hated due to the color of your skin. The conflict management in the book changes drastically after his pigment is changed and he is no longer part of a privileged white American society, and now he his part of a hated society due to physical differences that make them seem inferior to the dominate race. Griffin†s conflict management style greatly changes after he undergoes his experiment. At the beginning of his journey, he was very aggressive, and took things for granite such as eating in restaurants and using public facilities. After he changes his pigmentation it changes his conflict management due to what he is succumbed to because of the change in the variation of his skin color. The only conflict management skills he had were the ones he learned by watching others who were adapted to the Society. For instance, â€Å"blacks see themselves as inferior to whites because of the society they live in†. For example, † on the bus ride to Mississippi, Griffin encounters a man who black on the outside, and tries to think of himself as part of the white culture and hopes when he dies, the white part of his soul shall go to heaven†. Griffin conflict management is passive in the end only because he is observing and he doesn†t want to draw attention to himself, which might get him into trouble. Griffin†s conflict management is arbitrary because he is no longer what he was before the experiment and knows he is going to have to live like a black male for the rest of his natural life.